chip. This compatibility enables manufacturers to design compact, low-power, and cost-effective TMR sensors that are suitable for a broad range of applications. Advantages of TMR over other magnetic sensing technologies TMR sensors exhibit remarkably high sensitivity, with the ability to detect magnetic fields as low as a few microTesla. This high sensitivity is a result of the larger MR ratio achievable in TMR sensors, which can
exceed 200%. In comparison, AMR sensors typically have MR ratios of less than 5%, while giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors have MR ratios of around 10-20%. TMR sensors also operate at extremely low power levels, consuming less power compared to AMR and GMR sensors. This low power consumption is due to the high resistance of the MTJ and the low current required for sensing. For example, TMR sensors can utilize supply voltages as low as 1V and consume a small amount of current, making them highly energy efficient. This makes
these sensors useful in battery- powered applications such as wearables and IoT nodes, where extended battery life and low energy footprint are critical. TMR sensors exhibit excellent linearity, meaning that the sensor output is directly proportional to the applied magnetic field over a wide range. This linearity is a result of the well-defined, stable magnetic response of the MTJ, which is governed by the quantum mechanical tunneling process itself. The linear responses of TMR sensors simplify the calibration process and ensure
Image credit: Allegro MicroSystems
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