Parallel manipulator robotics excel where applications need high rigidity and operational speed. In contrast with articulated arms (suspended in 3D space via a single line of linkages), parallel manipulators are supported or suspended by arrays of linkages. Examples include delta and Stuart robots. Mobile robotics are wheeled units that move materials and stock items around factories and warehouses. They may function as automated forklifts to retrieve, move, and place pallets on shelving or the factory floor. Examples include automated guided vehicles (AGVs) and autonomous mobile robots (AMRs).
Robot families for automotive production sites Robots in automotive production sites are broadly classified by their mechanical structures — including their joint types, linkage arrangements, and degrees of freedom. Serial manipulator robotics include most industrial robots. Designs in this design family have a linear chain of links with a base at one end and an end effector at the other end … with a single joint between each link in the chain. These include articulated robots, selective compliance articulated robot arm (SCARA) robots, collaborative six-axis robots, cartesian robots (essentially consisting of linear actuators), and (somewhat uncommon) cylindrical robots.
Figure 3: Collaborative robots are increasingly common in Tier-2 automotive supplier facilities that benefit from automated palletizing. (Image source: Dobot)
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