Texas Instruments offers the PGA460PSM-EVM ultrasonic proximity sensing evaluation module that will shorten design time. LiDAR range sensing: Another means of distance sensing is with the use of light detection and ranging (LiDAR) with pulsed lasers. The information gained from ToF LiDAR systems may be used to create a three-dimensional image. LiDAR technology allows for high accuracy and resolution, and a large coverage area. Designers can select an optical laser distance ranging sensor such as the SparkFun Electronics SEN-14032, a laser-based optical ranging sensor with a range of 40 m. An external microcontroller will be needed to interface with the sensor via I2C. There are two primary kinds of architectures used for this kind of LiDAR: a solid-state LiDAR and a motorized 360˚ field of view rotating LiDAR. These both use the same principle, with a laser sending out a beam of light. In the solid-state case a mirror is used to scan, while the scanning rotating disk architecture uses a spinning disk, driven by a motor.
Figure 2: Designers will need to understand the concepts of ToF during a drone landing, hovering, or wireless charging. (Image source: Texas Instruments)
Figure 3: The three phases of ultrasonic ToF. Initial transmitted sound (1), silence (2), and received echo (3) for accurate range finding in their drone designs. An understanding of this graphic, coupled with the evaluation board and sensors discussed in this article, can help designers meet the goals of flight stability, collision avoidance, and optimum wireless charging when implementing the hardware suggestions in this section. (Image source: Texas Instruments)
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